Asalarilarda Amerika va Yevropa chirish kasalliklariga qarshi kurashish choralarining samaradorligini baholash
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Tadqiqotning maqsadi asalarilarda Amerika chirishi va Yevropa chirishining klinik-epizootologik xususiyatlarini baholash hamda ularga qarshi qo‘llaniladigan veterinariya-sanitariya va davolash tadbirlarining amaliy samaradorligini tahlil qilishdan iborat. Tadqiqotlar Veterinariya ilmiy-tadqiqot instituti sharoitida va turli asalarichilik xo‘jaliklarida olib borildi. Epizootik holat nosog‘lom va shartli sog‘lom asalari oilalarini klinik kuzatish, laboratoriya diagnostikasi va epizootologik monitoring asosida baholandi. Natijalar Amerika chirishida Paenibacillus larvae sporalarining tashqi muhitda uzoq saqlanishi infeksiya o‘chog‘ini bartaraf etishni murakkablashtirishini ko‘rsatdi. Yevropa chirishi, asosan, ochiq naslni zararlashi hamda oziqa tanqisligi va noqulay mikroiqlim sharoitlarida kuchayishi bilan tavsiflandi. Varroa destructor invaziyasi mavjud oilalarda kasalliklarning klinik kechishi og‘irlashgani kuzatildi. Kasallangan oilalarni dezinfeksiya qilingan uyalarga ko‘chirish, zararlangan mumkataklarni chiqarib tashlash, dezinfeksiya va ona arini almashtirish kabi zooveterinariya tadbirlari ijobiy natija berdi. Antibiotik vositalar klinik belgilarni kamaytirgan bo‘lsa-da, rezistentlik va asal mahsulotlarida qoldiq moddalar xavfi sababli ularni nazoratsiz qo‘llash maqsadga muvofiq emas. Sut zardobi asosidagi ishlovlar Yevropa chirishining dastlabki bosqichlarida istiqbolli yordamchi yondashuv sifatida qayd etildi. Kompleks bioxavfsizlik va veterinariya-sanitariya choralarini birgalikda qo‘llash kasalliklarni nazorat qilishning asosiy sharti sifatida baholandi.
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