PROTRUZIYA: ETIOLOGIYASI, KLINIKASI VA PROFILAKTIK CHORA-TADBIRLAR
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Abstract
Protruziya — umurtqalararo diskning patologik anatomik holati bo‘lib, unda ichki kollagenli yadro fibroz halqani surib chiqadi, lekin halqa butun qoladi. Asosan degenerativ jarayonlar, mexanik shikastlanishlar, genetik moyillik va metabolik o‘zgarishlar ta’sirida rivojlanadi. Bu holat diskning biomexanik funksiyalarini buzadi va umurtqa pog‘onasida ortiqcha bosim hosil qiladi. Epidemiologik tadqiqotlar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, kattalar populatsiyasida protruziya keng tarqalgan va ko‘pincha klinik belgilar bo‘lmasdan ham aniqlanadi. Profilaktika choralari — ergonomik harakatlar, mushaklarni mustahkamlash, mashqlar va og‘ir yuklarni to‘g‘ri ko‘tarish — protruziya xavfini kamaytiradi. Shu bilan birga, degenerativ jarayonlar, umurtqa pog‘onasi biomexanik shikastlanishi va genetik omillar protruziya rivojlanishida asosiy rol o‘ynaydi.
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