Turli gormonal faollikka ega gipofiz makroadenomalarining MRT asosidagi morfologik tahlili va o‘sish xususiyatlari
MRI-based morphological analysis and growth patterns of pituitary macroadenomas with different hormonal activity
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Relevance. Pituitary macroadenomas are clinically significant mass lesions of the sellar and parasellar region. Their clinical course is determined not only by tumor size but also by hormonal activity, growth direction, cavernous sinus invasion, suprasellar extension, and anatomical relationship with the optic chiasm. Magnetic resonance imaging is the main instrumental diagnostic method for evaluating the morphological structure, topographic-anatomical characteristics, and extension of pituitary macroadenomas into adjacent structures. Materials and methods. The study proposes MRI-based morphological criteria for evaluating pituitary macroadenomas. The analyzed parameters included tumor size, suprasellar and parasellar extension, cavernous sinus invasion, Knosp grade, optic chiasm compression, pituitary stalk deviation, cystic degeneration, necrotic changes, and hemorrhagic components. Results. Functioning and non-functioning pituitary macroadenomas may differ in growth direction and degree of invasiveness. In particular, prolactinomas and somatotropinomas may demonstrate more pronounced lateral invasion into the cavernous sinus, whereas non-functioning macroadenomas more often present with suprasellar extension and optic chiasm compression. Conclusion. MRI-based morphological analysis is important for assessing the biological behavior of pituitary macroadenomas, estimating surgical risk, and individualizing treatment strategy.
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