Aetiology, pathogenesis and clinical signs of laminitis in cattle
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Abstract
Laminitis is one of the most common orthopaedic diseases affecting high-producing dairy cows and represents a significant economic challenge in modern cattle production. This article presents a review and analysis of national and international scientific literature on the aetiology, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of laminitis in cattle. The analysis revealed that the major risk factors contributing to the development of the disease include subacute ruminal acidosis, endotoxaemia, disturbances of microcirculation, nutritional imbalances and inadequate housing conditions. Laminitis induces morphofunctional alterations in the hoof lamellar apparatus, resulting in lameness, reduced milk production and impaired reproductive performance. Early diagnosis of the disease and the improvement of preventive strategies are essential for increasing the economic efficiency and sustainability of cattle farming.
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