TORAKOABDOMINAL JAROHATLARNI TASHXISLASH VA DAVOLASH TAKTIKASIGA ZAMONAVIY YONDASHUVLAR

Abstract

Thoracoabdominal injuries are combined injuries of the organs of the chest and the abdominal cavity, in which the diaphragm and the prediaphragmatic organs are damaged. These injuries are characterized by a severe clinical course, a high frequency of diagnostic errors and high mortality (reaching up to 90% in certain types of injury). The main problem lies in the low effectiveness of preoperative diagnosis: the sensitivity of traditional imaging methods is insufficient, which leads to late detection of diaphragmatic defects and to the development of severe complications, including strangulated diaphragmatic hernias. There is no single approach to surgical tactics, and the choice of the method of intervention is often based on the subjective experience of the surgeon, which increases the risk of tactical errors. Modern studies emphasize the importance of a rational choice of surgical access and of a wider application of minimally invasive technologies — laparoscopy and thoracoscopy. These methods possess high diagnostic value and make it possible to perform therapeutic manipulations at the same time. In the process of reforming the health care system of the Republic of Uzbekistan, particular attention is paid to the development of emergency medical care, the equipping of clinics and the training of personnel, which creates a foundation for an even wider introduction of endovisual technologies. The authors emphasize the necessity of developing unified algorithms of diagnosis and treatment, which will make it possible to reduce the frequency of complications and to improve the results of treatment of patients with thoracoabdominal injuries.