PROTRUSION: ETIOLOGY, CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES
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Abstract
Protrusion is a pathological anatomical condition of the intervertebral disc in which the inner collagenous nucleus pushes out the fibrous ring while the ring itself remains intact. It develops mainly under the influence of degenerative processes, mechanical injuries, genetic predisposition and metabolic changes. This condition disrupts the biomechanical functions of the disc and creates excessive pressure on the spinal column. Epidemiological studies show that protrusion is widespread in the adult population and is often detected even in the absence of clinical signs. Preventive measures - ergonomic movements, strengthening of the muscles, exercises and the correct lifting of heavy loads - reduce the risk of protrusion. At the same time, degenerative processes, biomechanical damage to the spinal column and genetic factors play the principal role in the development of protrusion.
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